Vol.5 No.2

「隨選視訊系統」為大學圖書館利用新興科技輔助教學的重要實例；而透過系統評估準則之建立，不僅讓已建置隨選視訊系統的大學圖書館能夠瞭解日後改進方向，更為其他圖書館提供客觀之參考資源。因此，本研究即以國內五所大學圖書館為研究單位，分別從管理者與使用者觀點，瞭解大學圖書館隨選視訊系統應具備的條件，藉此建置一套實際可行的評估準則，進而為其未來發展提出若干建議。

The new technology Video on Demand system (VOD) used in university libraries has proved to be a success. An evaluation of VOD system indicates that further improvement of this new technology is needed. This paper tries to establish some criteria of evaluation for this system in terms of its users and management. The criteria provided can eventually be used for other university libraries in Taiwan.

在人類社會中激勵已成為一個重要課題，一般而言它是指個人喜歡他所做的事，或是自願地去做某些事。“激勵”一詞在心理學中是一廣泛的概念，它是指機構為達成它特殊的行為與目標，並以某目標為核心作為組織的動力與方針，所採取的一連過程或其成果，它是管理哲學中重要理論之一。故本文探討激勵理論的定義與目的、激勵理論的類型、激勵理論的原則與方法，及其在圖書館管理上的應用探討。

Motivation theory is a very important part of management theory. This article discusses the definition, the types and the principles of motivation, and the application of motivation theory to library management.

ISO 9000系列之品質管理自1987年推動以來，受到企業界廣泛的重視，近年來，連大專院校也都紛紛申請ISO 9000系列的認證。各大專院校推動ISO 9000系列的範疇中，通常圖書館亦被列入實施之對象。本文旨在探討圖書館是否有申請ISO 9000認證之必要及申請認證一些相關議題做初步探討。首先，說明ISO名稱的由來、目的及與TQM之區別，其次探討以服務為主之圖書館是否有推動ISO之必要，復次，討論在94年版本中圖書館應選擇申請何種認證模式，同時簡介2000年新版、ISO 9000推動流程、PDCA管理循環概念，並舉「圖書館期刊驗收作業」為例說明品質程序書之製作，最後提出作者之建議，俾供尚未申請認證之圖書館參考。

The quality control management of ISO 9000 series has drawn wide attention from the business sector since its promotion in 1987. Recently, universities as well as libraries have also applied fro certification of ISO 9000 series. This article investigates the necessity for his application, surveys the history and goal of ISO, and compares the difference between ISO and TOM. The author would like to offer a brief explanation of the new release of 2000 revision, ISO 9000 procedure for campaigning, and PDCA management cycling, so that libraries can use this information as a reference for their application.

圖書館自動化與網路化之目的在於提昇圖書館全體作業之效能，增進讀者滿意度。本研究係調查我國五所大學圖書館館員、一般讀者及圖書資訊學相關研究所研究生，對大學圖書館在自動化與網路化後提供之資訊服務品質是否提昇之看法；以瞭解大學圖書館各項資訊服務之表現良窳與需要改進之處；並根據問卷調查結果，比較三個群體之認知差距。最後提出建議，作為我國大學圖書館提昇自動化與網路化後資訊服務、館員自我改善及圖書館資訊學相關研究所研究生未來從業準備之參考。

The aim of library automation and network is to enhance the efficiency of operation and offer satisfaction to its readers. A survey was conducted among three different groups: university libraries, common users, and graduate students from Institution of Library and Information Science. This paper first compares the cognitive differences among the three groups involved according to the results of this survey and then makes some suggestions about the promotion of the quality of information service, librarians’ self-improvement, and the occupation preparation for graduate students.

以知識作為資本來發展經濟的時代裡，延伸資訊管理為知識管理並且把知識轉換為生產力的機制，是學術圖書館的專業職責。學術圖書館服務行銷理念的實踐應由內而外，圖書館管理者與館員對學術圖書館的核心價值與願景(促進館務，整合資源，與服務社會等)先建立共識。學術圖書館要做好服務的行銷，前提是先做好質與量的圖書館管理，且由上而下，明確任務，先行規劃，制定策略。學術圖書館資訊服務行銷組合運作前，應先研究及瞭解資訊消費者與資訊市場產銷狀況，亦即先做市場研究、消費者研究、與服務環境的研究，以便為學術圖書館資訊消費者提供適時、適地、適當，且符合經濟效益的資訊服務。學術圖書館資訊服務應「以客為尊」，著重於資訊消費者的個人化及個別化要求，資訊服務的實施更應有團隊精神以落實服務行銷理念。

In an era of knowledge economy, the major task for academic library is to transfer knowledge management and expand information management. Academic libraries should consider promoting library services, integrating resources as well as providing services for the society as their core-value and vision. To achieve this, the author suggests that a well-planned library management based on the findings from their market research and consumer research is essential. Thus, while the marketing of the library services is executed by a top-down approach, a team effort, the service offered by the academic library should be individualized information needs.

由於經濟發達，物質環境優渥，員工民主意識覺醒，傳統權威式管理已日漸式微，取而代之的乃是人性化之管理，組織成員對工作生活品質之需求亦愈來愈高，藉由提升員工的工作生活品質，能增進員工的組織承諾與忠誠感，並改善組織效能；也因此，有關員工工作生活品質之探討，在企業界已是人力資源管理廣泛研究的主題，但在圖書資訊學領域相關的文獻中，則尚少涉及圖書館館員工作生活品質之研究。本文旨在探討工作生活品質相關的主題，並期冀圖書資訊學界積極從事此方面之實證研究，以了解我國圖書館館員對工作生活品質所重視之面向、各面向之需求程度、當前圖書館館員所享有之工作生活品質水準及工作生活品質各面向對圖書館組織效能的影響等相關議題，從而建立我國圖書館館員工作生活品質整體之概念。

Within business organizations, attention has been focused on their members’ quality of working life (QWL). The concept and application of QWL is a system of thought that stresses the humanizing and self-fulfilling potential of work. This approach considers the organization-wide role of the employee and the social system of the employee’s work place. The prime aim of the QWL programs is to make the total organization more effective, not solely to provide greater satisfaction to the workers. Therefore, research applications on the quality of working life are extensive in industrial and service settings. However, in the library sector it has not been the subject of widespread organization and management research. How do librarians view their quality of working life? What are the personal needs that librarians view as important? Are librarians able to satisfy these needs given the state of library support? How can we improve the quality of working life in our libraries? Relative little information has been published on these aspects of organizational life in the library. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of QWL to the library and information field. A review of the literature on QWL, both in industrial and library administration, is presented. In the library literature, the treatment of the QWL subject is still basically descriptive and normative. The author urges a more critical analysis through the use of empirical research methodologies.

本文從個人、組織和社會三大層面探討圖書館編目館員的工作壓力來源，並試著提出因應之道。同時呼籲圖書館界應重視編目館員工作壓力問題，協助其對工作壓力來源進行管理與改善，以減緩工作壓力所帶來的負面影響。

The purpose of this paper examines the sources of the catalogers’ stresses and tries to provide some methods to cope with them.

「合作館藏維護」(cooperative preservation project)在美日等先進國家已行之有年，此種計畫可以幫助典藏有需要加以維護保存的古籍資料之機構，有計畫的循標準規格將資料儲存於另一種媒體，裨益文化資產的保存與資源分享。本文首先闡述「合作館藏維護」的必要性，接著列舉整理善本古籍的工作範疇，簡介中文古籍的典藏概要，回顧海峽兩岸至目前為止有關中文古籍的合作議題，然後透過對日本國文學研究資料館事業的瞭解，提出海峽兩岸合作維護中文古籍之建議。論文中並就如何篩選資料以進行維護工作、資料類型轉換以何種方式進行較為穩當等，提出說明和建議。最後並對「合作館藏維護」之試金石─「國家典藏數位計畫」提出建議，也呼籲圖書館同業積極參與，以及政府大力支持此種計畫。

Cooperative preservation projects have been undertaken for years in developed countries such as the United States and Japan. These projects will assist those institutions holding old and precious collections in order to save the image of the collections in a different media, hence those precious materials can be well preserved and shared among libraries. This paper first states the importance of cooperative preservation project, then points out the various tasks needed to preserve old and rare books in Taiwan and Mainland China, finally suggests some important ways in selecting valuable materials to be preserved. A comparison between microfilming and digitization is also provided in this paper.

數位圖書館系統所用到的技術相當多，如資料數位化、浮水印、內容檢索、網路安全與認證、Metadata、多媒體、多語文，及XML技術等，其中Metadata與XML更是發展數位圖書館系統的核心技術。本文將說明臺灣發展Metadata之現況，並以個人的實際經驗說明Metadata發展的步驟，以及介紹以XML技術所開發Metadata管理系統之發展理念及其功能。

Among the many technologies applied in digital library system, metadata and XML prove to be the core technologies involved in the development of this system. This paper first introduces the current development of metadata in Taiwan and then describes the process of the metadata development of Metalogy and the concepts and functions of this management system.

metadata在數位化資料的保存或典藏扮演著極其重要的角色。本文試從數位典藏的策略及metadata對數位典藏的重要性，進一步探討metadata對資訊資源的典藏管理所應該包括的資料要素，及標準的建立等相關論題。

It is now widely accepted that metadata is a key part of digital preservation strategies. The purpose of this paper is to examine issues related to the preservation metadata. The paper begins by describing the uses of metadata and clarifying key concepts of digital preservation, the moves into the development of existing preservation metadata projects and the specification of preservation metadata elements.