Vol.8 No.2

電子資源是大學圖書館館藏發展重點，其使用授權已成為不容忽視的挑戰及工作。本研究採用文獻探討法，探討國內外學者對此議題之觀點，並利用內容分析法，針對國際間發展的使用授權準則聲明及授權規範內容進行剖析，歸納出大學圖書館應關心的議題。依據研究結果提出八項建議：1. 圖書館應重視電子資源使用授權之重要性及館員培育，同時以團隊進行為宜；2. 國內圖書館應與國際聯盟組織保持良好互動；3. 圖書館應支持聯盟運作模式，並適時扮演意見提供者及協助授權評估者之角色並強化合作意願；4. 做好契約管理工作；5. 於紙本期刊採購同時，考慮電子期刊使用授權問題；6. 努力向供應商爭取合理使用、館際合作，以及放寬甚至取消紙本期刊刪訂限制；7. 加強讀者遵守使用規範概念，避免違規情事發生，以及8. 圖書館應向資訊供應商爭取契約中文譯本，作為輔助參考等。

Providing information in digital format to users becomes a major trend for libraries. For most libraries today, licensing electronic resources is a critical issue and challenge. This study reviews different aspects of strategic and practical considerations for licensing issues. It considers the key concerns for university libraries by analyzing the statements of licensing principles and model licenses developed by international library associations.
This study also offers the following suggestions:
1. License agreement negotiation training is required for librarians.
2. Library consortia in Taiwan should try to keep interaction with international library organizations.
3. Libraries in Taiwan should support national consortia by providing opinions and evaluating the license agreement to strengthen the cooperation.
4. Manage all license agreements effectively.
5. Consider the access and licensing of electronic journals when subscribing their printed format.
6. Try to retain the rights for fair use, interlibrary loan and exclude the non-cancellation clause from the contract or agreement.
7. Inform users of the restrictions and their obligations in using these digital resources.
8. Ask the information provider for a Chinese translation of agreement for reference.

面對網路資源檢索結果往往過多的問題，如何將當中最相關的資訊優先排序在最前面，讓使用者優先看到，以節省其瀏覽所有檢索結果的時間，是目前系統開發者選擇相關排序（Relevance ranking）作為檢索結果排序的原因。目前大部分的資訊檢索系統係以相似性而非相關性作為檢索結果排序基礎，但使用者係判斷檢索結果相關與否之唯一裁判者，為此，相關排序的發展也開始將使用者的相關判斷及資訊使用行為作為改善相關排序效能之努力方向，希望能針對使用者的不同需求提供更個人化的資訊服務。

The retrieval results of a web search are usually very large. Therefore, the information retrieval system usually uses the relevance ranking to ranking retrieval results, providing users a saving-time way to look through the searching results and obtain the most relevant documents. Currently, most information retrieval systems use similarity instead of relevance to rank the searching results. However, the end-user is the one to determine the relevance of retrieval results, so many researchers consider the user’s relevance requirement and information behavior are the way to improve the effectives of relevance ranking. The objective of relevance ranking is to provide personalized information service for users.

圖書館因使用而存在，圖書館服務的核心乃為滿足顧客需求。然而當民眾有資訊需求時，圖書館卻不是民眾解決資訊需求的首選。品牌是行銷者用以與競爭者差異化其所提供的產品與服務之策略，圖書館可應用品牌策略差異化圖書館的服務形象與向顧客傳遞一致的溝通訊息，強化顧客認知，提昇圖書館專業服務的價值，使圖書館成為顧客心中資訊服務的領導品牌。本研究即探析品牌經營於圖書館之應用，建構圖書館品牌經營架構，並以臺北市立圖書館為個案進行實驗研究，透過訪談與問卷調查比較該館顧客與服務人員對其服務認知的差距，以提出臺北市立圖書館品牌經營策略之建議。

Libraries are meant for use. All the services in the library cater to customers’ needs. However, when people need to have information, libraries are not always the top priority to solve their problems. Branding strategies are the means by which marketers differentiate their products/services from competitors. Libraries can apply branding strategies to develop a distinctive image and convey a consistent message to customers about library services. Branding strategies can also help libraries to strengthen the awareness of customers and promote the values of library professional services. This study explores how branding strategies can be applied to libraries, and tries to build a framework of library branding strategies. The study takes Taipei Public Library as an example to investigate the recognition gaps among library customers and librarians about its brand image and brand identity. Finally, a few suggestions are proposed as references for developing Taipei Public Library branding strategies.

近幾年來，網際網路研究領域中與超連結相關的研究大幅增加，超連結研究分析方法的使用大致可再區分為超連結網路分析與網路計量學兩種，本文將針對此新興研究領域的起源、應用與相關研究進行探討，並且將重點放在網路資源的引文分析、超連結網路分析等課題的相關問題上，期望圖書資訊界對於網路計量學與超連結分析的應用產生更多認識與討論。

Hyperlink-related research has proliferated in the field of Internet studies recently. The analysis methodology of hyperlink research can be further divided into hyperlink network analysis and webometrics. This article attempts to point to selected areas of webometric research that show interesting progress and space for development. It is hoped that more discussion about this emerging research area will arise in library and information science field.

1962年起，中國大陸陸續開展了有組織的、有一定規模的對醫學圖書館員進行專業教育和培訓工作。1985年，經中華人民共和國教育部和衛生部批准，在白求恩醫科大學(長春)設立圖書情報(醫學、藥學)專業，開始正規本科教育，學制5年。隨後，又在同濟醫科大學(武漢)、湖南醫科大學(長沙)和中國醫科大學(瀋陽)設立同類專業。1993年，該專業易名為「資訊學(醫學、藥學)」，1998年又易名為「資訊管理與資訊系統專業(醫藥資訊專業方向)」。培養目標從以培養醫學圖書館員為目的的單一模式逐漸轉變為以培養各類醫藥資訊管理人才為宗旨的寬口徑、多層次的教育模式。課程設置由思想文化課程模組(7.1%)、自然科學課程模組(27.7%)、身心素質課程模組(3.25%)和專業課程模組(61.95%)組成。在專業課程模組中，系統學習醫藥學課程(40.59%)和資訊管理課程(21.36%)。2000年教育體制改革後，醫學院校與綜合性大學合併，醫學圖書情報教育又面臨新的發展機遇和挑戰。

Since 1962, China has developed and organized professional education and training on a certain scale for medical librarians. In 1985, approved by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, library and information science (medical pharmaceutical) was set up in the Norman Bethune University of Medical Sciences (Changchun) as a regular 5-year undergraduate specialty. Subsequently, a similar specialty was set up in Tongji Medical University (Wuhan), Hunan Medical University (Changsha) and Chinese Medical University (Shenyang). This specialty was renamed “informatics (medical, pharmaceutical)” in 1993 and “information management and information system specialty (medical informatics specialty direction) ” in 1998. And its training objective transformed gradually from the single mode of training medical librarians to the broad-based and multi-level education mode training talents in medical information management. Curricula includes ideological course module (7.1%), natural science course module (27.7%), body and mind quality course module (3.25%), and professional course module (61.95%) in which medical courses (40.59%) and information management courses (21.36%) focused on systematically. Education of medial library and information science faces new development opportunities and challenges since medical universities and comprehensive universities merged after the education system reform in 2000.

本文以廣東管理科學研究院武書連等學者所從事的《中國大學評價》為對象，探討《中國大學評價》之緣起與動機、評價指標、評鑑公式、評價結果、評價特點及改進之道等，俾使國內學術界對中國大陸大學評鑑有所瞭解，逕而以為卓參，並為國內大學評價帶來新的啟示與契機。

This study focuses on university evaluation in Mainland China conducted by Wu Shu Lian. It introduces the origin, purpose, evaluation indicators, evaluation formula, the advantages and disadvantages of Mainland China university evaluation in order to point out the blind spot of university evaluation in Taiwan, and give some suggestions for the future research.

本文旨在分析並比較台灣與美國大學或學術圖書館專業期刊之研究議題；透過對圖書資訊學專業期刊的分析，可瞭解不同國家在研究主題的特色與差異，從中國學習他國的研究經驗，作為我國圖書資訊學域未來發展的參考。因此本研究以1998至2002年間的《大學圖書館》與《College & Research Libraries》為分析對象，分別代表台灣與美國的大學或學術圖書館專業期刊；研究發現兩期刊在研究主題的比重上確實存在差異；特別是《大學圖書館》較強調「資訊科技」的研究，《College & Research Libraries》則較著重「理論與歷史」的論述。

This article is a comparative research regarding journals of academic librarianship in Taiwan and United States. By analyzing the subjects of the articles in 《University Library Journal》and《College & Research Libraries》, the researcher planed to understand the differences of research interests between the two countries. The result reveals that《University Library Journal》emphasizes information technology more while《College & Research Libraries》pays more attention to theory and history.

由於自動化與資訊資源大量電子化等變革，復加以讀者之多元化需求，館員常因自我成長無法跟上科技變遷的速度，而衍生資訊焦慮的情緒。事實上，館員可透過合宜之生涯規劃，建立生涯目標，繼而有規劃地持續進修，以增強個人之專業知識與技術，如此方可避免生涯發展之窘境，並因應新時代之需求。一項合宜的生涯規劃，若能確實加以執行，將能解決工作中可能遭遇之難題，並實現個人之理想。本文探討館員個人生涯規劃上可能出現之相關迷思，並建議生涯規劃之具體策略，藉供館員參酌，以協助規劃適性之個人生涯發展路徑。

Libraries are undergoing transformation caused by rapid technological change and shifting user expectations. Librarians might not simply wait passively for something to happen and then respond. Librarians need to prepare themselves to assume the coming new roles. A more proactive response to transition and change is needed. Librarians can benefit from career planning. It is a process to develop librarians’ abilities and skills over the span of their careers, matching the needs of individual librarians with the organizational goals of library, in response to the changing environment. The primary goal of this article is to discuss the strategies to assist librarians with career planning.