Library automation

圖書館自動化系統藉由電腦將採訪、編目、期刊管理、流通與公共目錄作業整合，對於原來人工作業型態產生很大的衝擊，因之，許多圖書館發現傳統的組織結構與作業流程已不合適·1990年代以來，網際網路與電子圖書館的發展對圖書館帶來更大的挑戰·本文旨在探討大學圖書館技術服務組織重整的問題，首先檢視大學圖書館技術服務組織相關理論；其次，探究現代大學圖書館面臨的資訊科技、管理革命、與圖書館營運的課題，以了解其組織改變的背景；復次，就美國十所大學圖書館技術服務重組個案進行分析，並歸納其重組的原因與方式；最後論述我國大學圖書館技術服務的現況與問題，並提出建議·

Many university libraries have installed integrated library automation systems since 1980. As library automation has brought a lot of changes traditional library organizations and procedures don't meet the needs of libraries. Many university libraries undertake reorganization of technical services. This paper mainly discusses the reorganization of technical services in university libraries. First fundamental theories on library organization are reviewed. Second six important issues which modern university libraries face are explored. Third ten examples of reorganization of technical services in American university libraries are given detailed description. Fourth the present organizations and problems of technical services in Taiwan university libraries are reported. Finally the paper arrives at conclusions and makes suggestions.

圖書館自動化系統的進行過程與實施成效，相當依賴圖書館與系統廠商雙方間的關係統御是否能順利進行。本研究主要從契約管理與社會關係探討兩者間的互動關係，首先藉由文獻閱讀，整理有關契約管理與社會關係之意涵，並藉廠商訪談及問卷調查方法，分析國內圖書館與系統廠商間的互動現況，並探究互動因素與系統運作成效的相關性，最後根據分析結果提出研究建議以供參考。

The progress and effectiveness of library automation system is definitely dependent on the smooth interaction between the library and the system vendor. This article tries to explore this interaction from contractual obligation and social relationship perspectives. Based on questionnaire and interview studies, the results are presented and suggestions are made.

圖書館是一個成長的有機體，為因應科技的進步，必須不斷的將新的科技與作業管理方式引進圖書館，其中以圖書館的自動化系統首當其衝。自動化系統是一種市場商品，有其引進、急速成長、成熟與衰退生命週期，持續的自動化系統轉換是一種生命的事實，亦如美國學者笛加納瑞(Richard De Gennaro)所言，圖書館自動化系統正如一支 移動中的靶(a Moving target)，面對資訊科技的持續翻新，圖書館也必須定期的更新圖書館自動化相關技術與統訊息。汲取自動化新知是圖書館學界應定期審視的課題，因此本文擬先對圖書館自動化系統更新之意義與發展特徵進行文獻分析，最後以全國圖書書目資訊網與東吳大學圖書館系統轉換為例，說明系統轉換之過程及問題，提供圖書館同道參考。

Libraries have to update and upgrade their systems as the cyclical migration to new system has become a fact of life. In this paper, we attempt to review system migration focusing its definition, history and trend in the development. Two case reports of NBINet and Soochow University Library and basic resources for updating are also contained as well as listing for our references.