Digital library

近年來，有愈來愈多的檢索系統增加互動性的功能，但是對於評估互動性檢索系統仍然未有一套標準的典範。本文根據一項針對佛學數位圖書館所設計的辭彙建議介面所進行的使用者研究提出報告。實驗介面將使用者檢索詞共現的關鍵詞呈現給使用者，以作為使用者修改檢索詞彙之參考。實驗結果顯示，不同的介面與不同的搜尋任務之間有互動的關係。本文也針對本研究在互動性檢索系統評估方法上的意涵進行討論。

In recent years, more and more interactive features have been incorporated into information retrieval systems, but an evaluation paradigm for highly interactive systems has yet to emerge. This study reports the results of an experiment conducted to test the effectiveness and usefulness of a Term Suggestion Interface for a Buddhism study collection. Terms co-occurring with users' original queries were extracted and presented to users in order to refine the search. The results suggest that the performance of the experimental interface is influenced by the number of potentially relevant records in the collection. The methodological implications for interactive information retrieval evaluation are also discussed.

本文主要在探討大學圖書館應如何來自我調整，以適應新一代電腦科技的衝擊，此波由 World Wide Web、NII、和電子圖書館三者所帶來的新科技，在不久的將來，會重新塑造圖書館的運作方式，而首當其衝者，正是扮演大學資料中心的大學圖書館·在本文中，作者針對圖書館未來的走向，在組織變革、人員訓練、和作業方式等三方面，提出個人的建議·在組織變革方面，主張粗分式架構，分為資料處理組、資訊諮詢組、和技術支援組等三個組·在人員的養成和訓練方面，主張在學校教育中，引進一系列的電腦核心課程，同時大學圖書館也應研討出一套計劃和課程來協助館員，透過在職訓練，學習新的作業技能·在圖書館的運作上，提出未來的五個作業模式︰資料處理一元化、館藏虛擬化、流通電子化和自動化、參考工作專門化、和作業網路化·

This paper discusses how university libraries should adjust themselves to the impact of the new information technologies such as the World Wide Web the National Information Infrastructure and the Digital Library. These new information technologies will drastically reform university library operations and services in the near future. In order to take advantage of these new technologies the author believes university libraries should address themselves to three main aspects: organization librarian training and operations. In this paper several suggestions are proposed in this work in each of these three aspects.

本文以文獻分析法分析系統評估之研究。首先介紹系統評估之標準、系統評估之方法、系統評估之大型實證研究，以做為電子圖書館評估研究之基本背景。其次介紹電子圖書館之評估研究，並將此部分之焦點集中於學者專家們所提及的電子圖書館評估指標。最後，並針對電子圖書館評估研究提出建議，包括系統評估宜從使用者角度進行評估、系統評估應考慮系統週邊人員之觀點、系統評估應廣及各層次之評估、系統評估應採用量化及質化兼具之方法及從事電子圖書館之使用者研究。

This paper uses literature review method to analyze system evaluation research. It introduces researches on system evaluation criteria, system evaluation methods, and some empirical digital library evaluation researches. Finally, this article suggests that digital library evaluations should consider both system and user perspectives.

長久以來，圖書館的任務與使命在於蒐集各類傳統紙本印刷媒體資料與類比訊號之視聽媒體等資料以服務讀者。近年來，圖書館在面對各式電子資料、數位媒體以及網際網路的興起與普及的情況下，已開始改變原有的館藏發展政策，加強提供電子出版品服務，以滿足讀者的需求。在多媒體網路與數位化急速發展的趨勢下，圖書館必須瞭解並善用數位媒體發展趨勢與成果，時時發揮想像力，思索並開創新的服務，以開拓圖書館服務讀者的新境界。
對於未來數位圖書館的參考服務型式，筆者提出一些粗淺的想法，如：網上課程隨選服務、視訊參考服務、虛擬圖書館導覽服務、電子參考服務，以及線上廣播服務等，將是本文探討的重點。

With the emergence of new technologies that provide multimedia network services, libraries are no longer the lone providers of information. If libraries hope to lead information providers, libraries must understand the trend of digital media services and create new reference services for digital libraries in the future. Some reflections on new reference services, such as Course on Demand, Video Conferencing Reference Service, Virtual Library Tour, E-reference and online broadcasting service are introduced in the article.

數位圖書館系統所用到的技術相當多，如資料數位化、浮水印、內容檢索、網路安全與認證、Metadata、多媒體、多語文，及XML技術等，其中Metadata與XML更是發展數位圖書館系統的核心技術。本文將說明臺灣發展Metadata之現況，並以個人的實際經驗說明Metadata發展的步驟，以及介紹以XML技術所開發Metadata管理系統之發展理念及其功能。

Among the many technologies applied in digital library system, metadata and XML prove to be the core technologies involved in the development of this system. This paper first introduces the current development of metadata in Taiwan and then describes the process of the metadata development of Metalogy and the concepts and functions of this management system.

詮釋資料通常用來描述數位圖書館藏品資源的特性，本文則是取詮釋資料最廣義的解釋─Data About Data，並將詮釋資料應用在數位圖書館系統間的互通。本文首先針對數位圖書館互通性下一定義，並介紹數位圖書館互通性的相關議題和方案。其次則是以Stanford數位圖書館計畫為例，說明詮釋資料在數位圖書館系統互通性上能夠扮演的角色。文中並闡述交通大學圖書館為解決數位圖書館互通性問題所提出的詮釋資料建構語言，並以交通大學圖書館虛擬聯合目錄系統來驗證詮釋資料建構語言的可行性。

The term “Metadata” is often used by information professions to refer to character the resources contained in a digital library. This paper adopts the broadest meaning of “Metadata”--Data about Data, and applies metadata to facilitate the inter-operation among digital library systems. It first defines digital library interoperability, its related issues and approaches. Then, citing as an instance the Stanford Digital Library Project to describe the roles that metadata can play in handling digital library interoperability. This paper also describes how National Chiao Tung University has tried to solve the problem of handling digital library interoperability by proposing the Metadata Modeling Language (MML), which is a language to define the metadata of digital-library contents and services, and define the translation of two kinds of metadata. Finally, a virtual union catalog system based on MML, called VUCS@NCTU, is implemented to vindicate the feasibility of MML.