國家圖書館

期刊報紙的發刊型態有其特殊性，包括連續發刊、發行迅速等，就圖書館而言，缺期不易增補、報刊紙質不佳、典藏空間有限、利用率太高、破損情況嚴重等問題，都是極為嚴重的挑戰。根據國家圖書館的入館讀者需求統計分析，入館讀者以學生族群為最多，入館需求的資料類型也以中文期刊為最多，因此，館藏中文期刊與報紙是利用率極高的資料型態。然而紙張酸化脆化加上長期流通複印以及保存不易等各種狀況，都促使圖書館必須嚴肅面對報刊長久典藏的課題。
國家圖書館約在1996年開始著手館藏報刊的影像數位化工作，但因限於經費，無法快速進展，2001年起以「國家圖書館期刊報紙典藏數位化計畫」參與了行政院國科會主導之國家典藏數位化計畫，2002年起並持續獲得加入數位典藏國家型科技計畫的支援，已有豐富的成果，本文就國圖在報刊數位化的經驗，包括規劃、執行策略、數位流程及後續的加值應用等議題，提出討論。

Periodicals and newspapers are characterized by providing continuing and prompt services. The critical challenges facing a library in serial collections include the difficulty in claiming, unsatisfactory paper quality, limited storage space and the damages on high usage. The user statistics of the National Central Library (NCL) shows that most of the library patrons are college and graduate school students who use periodicals and newspapers frequently. Thus periodicals and newspapers have always been highly used in the NCL. The damage of serially issued materials caused by frequently copying, aging and acidification forces the NCL to take long-term preservation of periodicals and newspapers into serious consideration.
The NCL started digitization of serial collection since 1996 but saw limited results due to budget problem. In 2001 the Library launched the "Periodical and Newspaper Digital Archive Project" (NDAP) to participate in the "National Digital Archives Program" sponsored by the National Science Council. With continuing financial support from NDAP, the NCL has made enormous achievements in serial materials digital archiving. This article is to describe the NCL's experiences in periodical and newspaper digitization including planning, strategies, digitization processes and issues related to further application of digital archives.

圖書送存制度是圖書館庋藏當代圖書文獻的一種重要的方式，我國圖書館法已明訂電子資源法定送存之必要性，但業者對於電子資源配合法定送存的意願始終裹足不前。為瞭解電子資源法定送存問題，本文以美國、英國、澳洲、加拿大與我國為例，簡述各國電子資源法定送存的制度與作業現況，並利用深度訪談方式，邀請國內具國家圖書館實務工作經驗、瞭解電子資源館藏發展議題之學者專家以及數位出版業者進行深度訪談，以探究受訪者對於我國國家圖書館進行電子資源法定送存作業的意見與期許，根據訪談結果，最終擬具結論與建議，提供我國國家圖書館未來推動電子資源法定送存制度之參考。

Legal deposit is an important way to collect documents for the library. The Library Act of Taiwan subscribes the necessity of depositing electronic resources, but publishers have been hesitant to do so. In order to understand the issue of legal deposit of electronic resources, systems in the U.S., U.K., Australia, Canada and Taiwan are taken as examples to explain the actual situation. In-depth interviews are pursued for a systematic investigation into the opinion of scholars, experts and digital publishers. It is expected that this will provide impetus and paradigms for an electronic resources legal deposit system in Taiwan€'s National Central Library.

國家圖書館接受教育部指導所執行的「全國博碩士論文摘要專案計畫」，其主要目的乃在於將我國的博碩士論文予以彙整，建立國內博碩士論文資訊系統，以最快速、便捷的方式提供全國各級研究人員及使用者，透過電腦網路建檔、查詢博碩士論文資訊之外，進而，建立國內最新、最完整的中文博碩士論文資訊系統，免費提供各界使用者一手的線上研究資源。藉由全國博碩士論文摘要專案計畫與共建共享機制之順利推展，我們將可透過此一線上資料庫，展現國內歷年來高等學術研究成果，進而掌握未來國內學術研究脈動。

The National Central Library received a grant from the Ministry of Education to develop a collaborative "National Theses Abstract Search System Project". Its primary goal is to encourage students from the graduate schools around the country to upload their dissertation information directly to the system. Once the information sent, it can then be searched online by full-text, title, author, administering professor, or keywords immediately. Abstracts, references, and other related information are also provided. This system provides the most comprehensive and up-to-date information of its kind, and can be accessed online free of charge. This project can accelerate the presentation of the research results of higher education through the online collaborative mechanism, and monitor the nation-wide research trends.

本文探討德國柏林國家圖書館之發展。該館在十七世紀的前身為選候圖書館，先後更名為皇家圖書館與普魯士國家圖書館；而在二次世界大戰後，分裂為東柏林的德意志國家圖書館與西柏林的普魯士文化資產國家圖書館；兩德統一促使該館重整為柏林國家圖書館。柏林國家圖書館的發展與德國政治歷史演進息息相關，除作為普魯士文化繼承者外，現更為德國的跨區域綜合學術圖書館，隨著兩德統一，其扮演的文化角色將更為重要。

This article scrutinizes the development of the German Berlin State Library. The institution was originally founded in the 17th century as Electoral Library of C?lln on the Spree, and has been renamed as Royal Library and as Prussian State Library. After World War Ⅱ, it was divided into two separate libraries: German State Library in East Berlin, and State Library of the Prussian Cultural Foundation in West Berlin. The unification of Germany helped to integrate the former German State Library and the State Library of the Prussian Cultural Foundation into the Berlin State Library in 1992. The development of the Berlin State Library is closely related to the evolution of German political history. Except acting as an heir of Prussian culture, it is now a cross-regional comprehensive academic library. Coupled with German reunification, the Berlin State Library will assume a cultural role greater than ever.