Collection development

近年來圖書館引進電子期刊館藏蔚為風尚，可謂建構並蛻變為電子圖書館的第一大步。本文旨在探討圖書館身處在新舊形態資訊交替之際，規劃電子期刊館藏的相關議題。首先分析電子期刊的成長狀況、特質與未來發展機會，接著就電子期刊對圖書館規劃館藏發展的衝擊與挑戰進行探討，再以歐洲的丹麥技術大學圖書館為個案研究，評析圖書館如何以「再造計畫」展開因應電子期刊的館藏發展策略，最後作者提出規劃電子期刊館藏發展應具備的視野。

Over the past few years, many libraries have begun to provide an electronic journal collection as an expansion trend. This represents a big step towards the construction of a basic plan for electronic libraries. The purpose of this article is to investigate the state of transition from the traditional information service to the new one, and the layout of its related electronic journal collection. Firstly, the article analyzes the growth potential, characteristics and future opportunities of electronic journals. It then explores the impact and challenges of such journals on the library collection management. Using the Technical Knowledge Center and Library of Denmark (DTV) as a study case, the article evaluates the library’s use of a re-engineering plan to unfold and confront the development strategies of the electronic journal collection. Finally, it suggests a vision for the development of a futuristic electronic journal processing system.

本文旨在描述臺大醫圖近五年來進行期刊評鑑工作的經驗，而全文電子期刊的發展和館際合作系統與軟體的出現，使得圖書館對於期刊業務必須有新的視野和做法，諸如：直接向部分期刊出版社連繫訂購、議價事宜；順應各出版社的作業方式花費時間在線上註冊，以獲得電子期刊的帳號密碼；設定可使用之有效網域；時常更新與維護首頁上之電子期刊清單，並掌握使用統計以為訂購決策之參考等。筆者在檢視此一發展軌跡的同時，亦希望將所獲得之經驗加以分享，以期做為國內其他圖書館期刊館藏發展之參考。

This paper describes a librarian’s experience of assessing the journal usage and collection development within the past 5 years in the National Taiwan University Medical Library. All librarians nowadays should adjust themselves to the prosperity of full-text electronic journals and the efficient software and system that facilitates interlibrary cooperation. They may need to deal directly with the journal publishers and bargain for subscription of electronic versions, to follow new procedures to activate the right for online registration and set up the valid IP range, and to update constantly their webpages to make future policies for subscription in reference of statistic results. By examining this development, the author hopes to share experiences with other librarians in Taiwan area.

追溯館藏發展歷史的軌跡，美國圖書館的館藏發展橫跨1950年到 1985年，圖書館館藏在資金充裕、高度需求與資源豐厚的情況下發展順利。其後受到經費短缺與資訊爆炸的壓力下取而代之的觀念為館藏管理，2000年受到資訊科技發展、高等教育改革與學術傳播改變等影響，館藏發展館員面對世紀的改變，必須發展新思維來面對未來挑戰，知識管理於是融入成為新的訴求。本文由過去發展演進探討「館藏發展」與「館藏管理」，並對新思維「知識管理」勾勒未來館藏發展館員的挑戰。

According to the history of collection development in the United States, American libraries advocated the notion of collection development from 1950 to 1985 because of the abundant resources. With the shortage of budget and increase of information, the concept of collection management is substituted by the collection development. Due to the changes of information technology, higher education, and scholarly communication, librarians have to generate new ideas to meet the new challenges ahead. This article examines the collection development and management from a historical perspective and at the same time tackles the concept of knowledge management as the future trend in this field.

在網路化和數位化浪潮的推波助瀾之下，學術傳播的模式與數位出版的發展有許多改變，大學圖書館必須同時扮演傳統圖書館與數位圖書館的雙重角色，並且均衡處理實體和虛擬館藏的佈局。因此，如何走出重重困境，創造圖書館的新氣象，考驗著圖書館員的智慧。本文由學術傳播、公開取用、機構典藏等面向對館藏發展的衝擊，探討數位時代館藏發展的新挑戰。最後提出關注學術傳播的變遷、形塑電子館藏管理的新觀點、邁入館藏內容管理的新思維、促進校園知識管理的整合、置身於數位化學術出版的一環、重視資訊取用系統的便利性、培育圖書館員的新技能以及強化圖書資訊學的課程等建議，供同道參考。

The changing nature of scholarly communication and electronic publishing greatly challenge the library collection development in an electronic age. As a result Academic libraries need to integrate printed material and virtual collection. This paper aims at tracing the influence and the forces affecting the production, dissemination, and use of scholarly and scientific information. After discussing the movement of Open Access and Institutional Repositovative, creative, and affordable ways of sharing scholarly findings and tries to build common understandings of the challenges presented by electronic scholarly communication and to generate strategies for transforming the collection development.