Vol.7 No.2

資訊檢索技術發展至今，已走向所謂的智慧型檢索技術，而資訊擷取技術極為其中之一。本文從資訊檢索、資訊檢索技術以及資訊服務的發展趨勢，說明資訊檢索的研究方向，並深入探討資訊擷取技術的意義、目的、應用與做法等項目。

With the new techniques and methods, the development of information retrieval has entered a new stage. The first part of this paper examines the development of information retrieval and information service and the second part concentrates on the purpose, methods, and applications of information extraction.

本文是筆者於民國91年8月調閱臺灣大學圖書館「田中文庫」所藏四冊搖籃期刊本後，所作的調查報告。目的再以搖籃本書誌為方法，配合此次調查的結果，來鑑定四冊搖籃本的版本。「田中文庫」為臺北帝大教授田中長三郎的私人藏書，主要部份是田中1921年透過美國古書商代購的「Penzig文庫」，多為植物、園藝學及農學資料。根據筆者的調查結果，四冊搖籃本中，TANG20和TANG22的版本相當明確，而TANG26和TANG27的印刷年則在1500年左右或之後，而不若臺大圖書館所登錄的那麼早。

“Tanaka Collection” is the private collection of books of Tyozabuto Tanaka, Professor of Taihoku Empire University. The main part of the collection is the “Penzig Collection” containing many western antique printed books, originally belonged to the Italian botanist Prof. O. Penzig. In August 2002, the present author began to research on the four incunabula in the “Tanaka Collection”. The purpose of this paper is to identify the imprints of these incunabula bibliographical research. The author found that the imprints of TANG20 and TANG22 are very definite, while the print year of TANG26 and TANG27 are about or after 1500, later than the year registered in the catalogue of National Taiwan University Library.

圖書館服務的對象是其讀者，而滿足讀者的需求正是圖書館營運的主要目的。本文著眼於讀者需求的層面，就其意涵、類型、特點，以及館方的角色和任務加以探討，前半篇以概念說明為主，後半篇則輔以若干實務做法介紹。

One of the major functions of the library is to maximize the satisfaction of its users. To do this, the demand management of its users should be considered as a crucial task. This article aims, on the one hand, to explore the implications, types, and characteristics of library users' demands, and on the other hand, to describe the role a library plays in the process of satisfying its users. The paper will also offer some practical techniques and methods to enhance the satisfaction of the users' demands.

追溯館藏發展歷史的軌跡，美國圖書館的館藏發展橫跨1950年到 1985年，圖書館館藏在資金充裕、高度需求與資源豐厚的情況下發展順利。其後受到經費短缺與資訊爆炸的壓力下取而代之的觀念為館藏管理，2000年受到資訊科技發展、高等教育改革與學術傳播改變等影響，館藏發展館員面對世紀的改變，必須發展新思維來面對未來挑戰，知識管理於是融入成為新的訴求。本文由過去發展演進探討「館藏發展」與「館藏管理」，並對新思維「知識管理」勾勒未來館藏發展館員的挑戰。

According to the history of collection development in the United States, American libraries advocated the notion of collection development from 1950 to 1985 because of the abundant resources. With the shortage of budget and increase of information, the concept of collection management is substituted by the collection development. Due to the changes of information technology, higher education, and scholarly communication, librarians have to generate new ideas to meet the new challenges ahead. This article examines the collection development and management from a historical perspective and at the same time tackles the concept of knowledge management as the future trend in this field.

本文以書目計量學為方法，分析我國1982-2002 年間所出版之OPAC文獻特性，藉以探討我國OPAC的研究發展情形。共取得OPAC文獻110篇，引用之參考文獻3,299篇，分析項目包括：文獻的基本特性、作者特性與生產力、引用參考文獻之特性。研究結果發現，國內OPAC文獻量少，歷年成長模式接近邏輯斯第曲線；文獻類型以期刊論文為主(75%)，探討的主題以使用者研究、綜論、檢索技術及使用者介面佔多數(71%)，約有71% 的文獻由圖資系所師生所撰寫；出版一篇文獻的作者佔72％；大量(80%)引用國外英文文獻；學位論文引用量最多，中位篇數約90篇；與國外OPAC文獻特性比較，互有差異與相似之處。

The study explores the characteristics of the OPAC literature published in Taiwan from 1982 through 2002. Using bibliometric analysis, 110 papers containing 3,299 references are analyzed. The results show that most OPAC literatures are published in the format of journal papers (75%). Among which the issues concerned are user study, general introduction. Retrieval technology and user interface (total 71%). Most papers are written by the faculty and graduate students of library schools(71%). 72% of authors contributes one paper. Most of the papers use English reference and a median of 90 references are from thesis/dissertations. Similarities and differences between this study and the previous studies of OPAC literature are illustrated.

1990年代學術圖書館面對內部與外部環境的競爭壓力與革新趨勢，圖書館聯盟的觀念與需求又再度受重視。本文以美國OhioLINK聯盟做為個案研究對象，探討該聯盟之營運特質、合作服務議題、營運策略規劃及營運方式。藉此作為國內圖書館聯盟學術研究或實務營運規劃時的參考。

In the 1990s, academic librarieswere faced with pressure to compete and a tendency towards renovation. The concept and demands of library consortium once again received serious attention. The purpose of this research is to investigate the special characteristics of the operation of OhioLINK and their cooperative service issues, strategic planning, and modes of operation.

本研究之目的在分析資訊需求者與計畫檢索者對於相同檢索問題在分類上的差異。本研究由10位資訊需求者提出檢索問題並進行檢索，再由31位計畫檢索者針對此10個問題進行59次檢索。本文主要在比較此10位資訊需求者與31位計畫檢索者對同一檢索問題在分類上的差異，並探討此差異對檢索行為所造成之影響。本研究對檢索問題分類上的差異係從檢索問題之複雜性、專指性、前提假定三構面進行分析。本研究發現，相較於資訊需求者，計畫檢索者認為同一檢索問題所認知的複雜性較高，專指性亦較高，並傾於直接將前提假定用來進行檢索。

The project is designed to analyze the difference of question classifications between two groups of people: the end-users who have real information needs and the prohect searchers. Ten end-users address their search questions and proceed to do the search, while 31-project searchers conduct 59 times of searching on the ten questions posed by the end-users. The main purpose of this paper is to compare the classification differences of the search questions in terms of their complexity, specificity, and presupposition. The result of this study reveals that the project searchers not only perceive the questions in a more complex and specific way but also tend to proceed the search directly by using presuppositions of questions.

知識管理是新世紀的主要議題，知識工作者則是主導了知識經濟的發展。圖書館身為提供資訊與知識的供應者，亦開始接受知識管理概念，並利用知識管理系統，來為使用者提供更好的服務。本文首先釐清知識、知識管理的概念，並討論何謂知識管理系統，分別探討其定義及應具備的功能；最後舉美國Rutgers大學圖書館之知識管理系統CKDB為例，說明知識管理系統於學術圖書館運作的現況。

Knowledge management is an important issue in this new century and knowledge worker plays a leading role in the development of knowledge economy. Library, the provider of information and knowledge, uses the concept of knowledge management and knowledge management system in order to offer better services for its users. This article first defines the terms of knowledge, knowledge management, and knowledge management system (KMS) and then introduces the KMS and CKDB systems in Rutgers University as an example to illustrate the operation of KMS in academic libraries.

數位內容產業目前逐漸成為炙手可熱的產業，大量資源競相投入，但基於其知識經濟的特性，優秀人才投入與否是產業發展之關鍵之一，而人才培育實非一蹴可幾，有賴政策及培訓機構的決心，及業界充分配合，打造產業適用之人力。 本研究以數位內容產業領導廠商為研究對象，以深度訪談與焦點座談方式進行研究，調查數位內容產業不同領域的人力結構、需求、人才層級、核心能力、需求急迫性、及人才延攬與培育方式。最後，提出產業之人才發展策略，做為數位內容學院人才培育方向之參考。

The digital content industry has emerged as an important part of the knowledge economy. While designating the digital content industry as one of the two flagship industries for its future, the Taiwanese government is also building a Digital Content Institute (DCI) to coordinate the effort of ensuring the availability of a highly versatile and multi-talented workforce that is crucial for the industry to succeed. The DCI, not designed as a regular educational institution, is under the Ministry of Economic Affairs and is responsible for producing enough skilled manpower to expedite the development of the industry.This paper reports a study of the current status of the human resource development of the digital content industry in Taiwan. The research is base on in-depth interviews of the leading companies in Taiwan to investigate on the human resource structure, job requirements and urgency, talent levels, core competencies, as well as recruitments and training methods in different sectors of the digital content industry. The findings were summarized and human resource development strategy was laid out and presented to DCI for their reference.