Open Access

開放取用（Open Access）運動近年來獲得相當大的矚目，但所產生的討論多集中於出版模式、作者態度、成本分析等方面，對於圖書館如何對Open Access文獻進行資訊組織及提供讀者取用管道方面，相關的探討仍顯得相對較少。本文首先針對Open Access的發展及其文獻類型作一概述；其次分析目前主要的Open Access資訊組織方式和檢索管道並探討其優缺點；第三部份則綜合前一章所分析的各種Open Access資訊組織方式和檢索管道，由各角度探討其特性；最後則針對圖書館在Open Access資訊組織方式和檢索服務上的重要性作綜合性的探討，並對圖書館未來在改善Open Access文獻的資訊組織及取用上及未來的研究方向上提出若干建議。

Open Access has received much attention in the recent year, but related discussions often concentrate on publication type, author attitude, and cost analysis only. There is scanty research concerning how the library provides information organization and access means on Open Access. This paper first introduces the development and types of literatures in Open Access, and analyzes the current information organization and access means on Open Access and the advantages and disadvantages. The third part summarizes the information organization and access means on Open Access analyzed in the previous chapter, and then discusses their characteristics from different perspectives. Lastly, composite discussion is made on the significance of information organization and access means on Open Access, in order to provide suggestions for libraries on improving the information organization of Open Access and for future research.

學術期刊的訂閱費用高漲，圖書館必須減少期刊訂閱數量，造成學術研究上的阻礙。學術界提出開放取用期刊出版模式，倡導自由取閱學術性文章，由作者一次付費出版，讀者永久免費使用，主要挑戰是讓學術期刊能夠永續經營。BioMed Central成功經營的關鍵因素為減少出版成本及控制期刊品質，透過線上出版系統的應用，將出版流程成功整合在網路環境下，保證作品的質量，開放取用期刊的發展將使學術傳播回歸理性交流，讀者享受到更多元化的資訊服務。

Subscription fees in scholarly publishing are getting more and more expensive, resulting in the so-called Serials Crisis. Rapidly rising journal subscription prices have severely eroded the ability of libraries, universities, and scholars to purchase the publications necessary for research and education. Open access literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions. New business models for open access literature publishing, such as BioMed Central, are needed to ensure publishing continuity. A huge change in publishing scientific research is a business model in which contributors are charged for publishing their papers and readers get free access to their papers.

在網路化和數位化浪潮的推波助瀾之下，學術傳播的模式與數位出版的發展有許多改變，大學圖書館必須同時扮演傳統圖書館與數位圖書館的雙重角色，並且均衡處理實體和虛擬館藏的佈局。因此，如何走出重重困境，創造圖書館的新氣象，考驗著圖書館員的智慧。本文由學術傳播、公開取用、機構典藏等面向對館藏發展的衝擊，探討數位時代館藏發展的新挑戰。最後提出關注學術傳播的變遷、形塑電子館藏管理的新觀點、邁入館藏內容管理的新思維、促進校園知識管理的整合、置身於數位化學術出版的一環、重視資訊取用系統的便利性、培育圖書館員的新技能以及強化圖書資訊學的課程等建議，供同道參考。

The changing nature of scholarly communication and electronic publishing greatly challenge the library collection development in an electronic age. As a result Academic libraries need to integrate printed material and virtual collection. This paper aims at tracing the influence and the forces affecting the production, dissemination, and use of scholarly and scientific information. After discussing the movement of Open Access and Institutional Repositovative, creative, and affordable ways of sharing scholarly findings and tries to build common understandings of the challenges presented by electronic scholarly communication and to generate strategies for transforming the collection development.

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library builds the HKUST Institutional Repository, aiming to preserve and disseminate its institutional scholarly output. This paper describes the background which led to its birth, the growth and development of the project, the challenges involved and strategies adopted to achieve sustainability.

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library builds the HKUST Institutional Repository, aiming to preserve and disseminate its institutional scholarly output. This paper describes the background which led to its birth, the growth and development of the project, the challenges involved and strategies adopted to achieve sustainability.