Vol.5 No.1

對於學術圖書館而言，文獻傳遞服務的重要性不可言喻。由於科技的演進，使得使用文獻傳遞服務愈來愈方便，不但服務型態、方式多樣，也衍生出著作權問題。

Document delivery service has become extremely popular and important, especially for academic libraries. The rapid development of modern technology has made document delivery much more convenient than ever, with various service types, but problems of copyright also arise.

本文探討德國柏林國家圖書館之發展。該館在十七世紀的前身為選候圖書館，先後更名為皇家圖書館與普魯士國家圖書館；而在二次世界大戰後，分裂為東柏林的德意志國家圖書館與西柏林的普魯士文化資產國家圖書館；兩德統一促使該館重整為柏林國家圖書館。柏林國家圖書館的發展與德國政治歷史演進息息相關，除作為普魯士文化繼承者外，現更為德國的跨區域綜合學術圖書館，隨著兩德統一，其扮演的文化角色將更為重要。

This article scrutinizes the development of the German Berlin State Library. The institution was originally founded in the 17th century as Electoral Library of C?lln on the Spree, and has been renamed as Royal Library and as Prussian State Library. After World War Ⅱ, it was divided into two separate libraries: German State Library in East Berlin, and State Library of the Prussian Cultural Foundation in West Berlin. The unification of Germany helped to integrate the former German State Library and the State Library of the Prussian Cultural Foundation into the Berlin State Library in 1992. The development of the Berlin State Library is closely related to the evolution of German political history. Except acting as an heir of Prussian culture, it is now a cross-regional comprehensive academic library. Coupled with German reunification, the Berlin State Library will assume a cultural role greater than ever.

圖書館的館藏目錄是使用者開啟館藏之鑰，可以協助使用者了解館藏的出處、辨識和選擇不同的版本。圖書館館藏目錄使用研究，則有助於瞭解使用者使用的檢索點、使用的檢索技巧，如提供關鍵字和布林邏輯檢索、限制檢索(如切截等)、使用時遇到的困難，或者進一步分析使用者使用的檢索詞彙等。這些瞭解，不僅有助於圖書館對使用者資訊尋求行為的掌握，並可做為改善系統設計之參考。本文以1985年至1999年，近十五年的英文文獻為探討的對象，分析線上目錄使用者使用的檢索點、檢索失敗的原因、使用的檢索策略、使用者對改善線上目錄的看法、線上公用目錄使用者教育等問題。

The Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) is the best gateway for users to get access to library collections and to locate library materials. Through the use studies of OPAC, libraries can understand the information seeking behavior of its users, and can improve on their own design of OPAC system. This paper reviews the related OPAC research literatures in English in the past 15 years (1985-1999), analyzed the users’ problems of access points, search terms, search strategies, and other related issues on training users.

有感於一般圖書館研究多非以解決實際情境問題為目的，且結果多僅止於提供改善建議，難免與實務應用層面存在些許落差；本研究結合研究者與實務工作者之角色，取行動研究結合理論與實務，重視參與與合作之特點，以研究者所服務之國立中正文化中心表演藝術圖書室為個案，從讀者角度進行服務品質改善之實證研究。整個研究乃依循情境分析、規劃、資料蒐集、提出可行方案、行動、成果評估及學習之行動研究程序進行，以問卷調查瞭解讀者對圖書室服務品質之評估，據此研究擬品質改善計畫，實施改善行動並進行成果評估，俾有效解決實際情境問題，提昇圖書館之服務品質。

To bridge the gap between theory and practice in many cases of library studies that merely end up with offering theoretical advice unfeasible to the improvement of practical situational problems, this study adopts the method of Action Research to combine theory with practice by studying the possibility of a cooperation between researchers and librarians. The case study is conducted with the Performing Arts Library of National Chiang Kai-shek Cultural Center, where the author is currently working. The author conducts the practical study from the users’ perspective to improve on the Library’s service quality. The entire study follows the right procedures of Action Research: situation analysis, formal planning, information collecting, plan proposing, plan executing, effect assessing and learning. It also conducts a questionnaire based on SERVQUAL to determine what are important to the users; afterwards it proposes an improvement plan, puts the plan into practice and assesses the results, so as to solve situational problems and to promote the Library’s service quality.

本文主要分析網路使用及資訊尋求行為之文獻。首先先探討資訊尋求行為之理論，將資訊尋求行為之理論應用於網路資訊尋求行為。本文將介紹之理論，包括Wilson、David Ellis、C. C. Kuhlthau等學者所發展的資訊尋求行為之模式。進而分析在過去研究中所得知之影響資訊尋求行為因素；最後則分析與網路資訊使用相關研究之研究項目。本文分為三部份：一、分析資訊尋求行為的理論；二、探討影響資訊尋求行為之因素；三、闡述網路使用的相關研究。

This paper analyzes the documents of network use and information seeking behavior. First, it discusses the theories of information seeking behavior, models developed by Wilson David Ellis, and C. C. Kuhlthau. Then, it analyzes the factors known by past researches that influence information seeking behavior, with the intention to research whether such factors influence the information use and searching behavior. Last, it discusses research terms about network information use research. This paper is divided into three parts: 1.analyzing the theories of information seeking behavior; 2. discussing the factors that influence the information seeking behavior; 3. delineates researches about network use.

系統介面上資訊的組織與呈現，與使用者資訊行為的瞭解息息相關。本文從圖書資訊學的角度分析Amazon.com網站之資訊組織原則與瀏覽介面設計之特徵，分別歸納為五大原則特色，對同以書籍資料為主的網站或電子圖書館之建置期有參考價值。

The information organization and representation on browsing interface is closely related to the users’ information seeking and use behavior. From the perspective of library information science, this article analyzes the webpage designing of an Internet Bookstore, the Amazon.com, its organizational principle and browsing interface. Its characteristics can be classified into 5 principles and 5 features. This analysis expects to offer referential value to the construction of similar websites or digital libraries.

由ISI機構提供的各項引用文獻資料庫的高使用率，可知學術期刊的引用文獻資料一直受到學術界的重視。然而，ISI收錄的中文期刊比率甚低，無法反映中文期刊引用的真實情形。中國大陸地區對於中文學術期刊引用資料庫的建置工作比臺灣早起步，分別於1996年與1999年出版光碟版CSCI與CSSCI引用文獻資料庫。國科會則於1996年進行TSCI的先導型計畫，並於1999年在中央研究院與國立臺灣大學分別成立社會科學研究中心與人文學研究中心，並進行國內社會科學期刊與人文學期刊引用文獻資料庫的建置工作。本文說明國內外引用文獻資料庫的發展現況，包含美國、中國大陸、臺灣等地區目前的各種引用文獻資料庫，提供國內學界參考。

The high utility rate of citation index databases provided by ISI vindicates the fact that academic journals have long been highly valued by researchers. However, Chinese journals contained in ISI are few, and cannot reflect how Chinese academic journals are being used. Mainland China initiated projects to construct databases and published CD-ROMs on Chinese Science Citation Index (CSCI) in 1996 and Chinese Social Science Citation Index (CSSCI) in 1999. In Taiwan, the National Science Council also initiated a pilot project to construct Taiwan Science Citation Index (TSCI) in 1996, and set up in 1999 two research centers-Science Research Center, and Humanities Research Center-jointly with Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, whose task is to construct Taiwan Social Science Citation Index (TSSCI) and Taiwan Humanities Citation Index (THCI). This article describes the development and construction of various citation index databases in ISI, Mainland China, and Taiwan.

詮釋資料通常用來描述數位圖書館藏品資源的特性，本文則是取詮釋資料最廣義的解釋─Data About Data，並將詮釋資料應用在數位圖書館系統間的互通。本文首先針對數位圖書館互通性下一定義，並介紹數位圖書館互通性的相關議題和方案。其次則是以Stanford數位圖書館計畫為例，說明詮釋資料在數位圖書館系統互通性上能夠扮演的角色。文中並闡述交通大學圖書館為解決數位圖書館互通性問題所提出的詮釋資料建構語言，並以交通大學圖書館虛擬聯合目錄系統來驗證詮釋資料建構語言的可行性。

The term “Metadata” is often used by information professions to refer to character the resources contained in a digital library. This paper adopts the broadest meaning of “Metadata”--Data about Data, and applies metadata to facilitate the inter-operation among digital library systems. It first defines digital library interoperability, its related issues and approaches. Then, citing as an instance the Stanford Digital Library Project to describe the roles that metadata can play in handling digital library interoperability. This paper also describes how National Chiao Tung University has tried to solve the problem of handling digital library interoperability by proposing the Metadata Modeling Language (MML), which is a language to define the metadata of digital-library contents and services, and define the translation of two kinds of metadata. Finally, a virtual union catalog system based on MML, called VUCS@NCTU, is implemented to vindicate the feasibility of MML.

本文旨在描述臺大醫圖近五年來進行期刊評鑑工作的經驗，而全文電子期刊的發展和館際合作系統與軟體的出現，使得圖書館對於期刊業務必須有新的視野和做法，諸如：直接向部分期刊出版社連繫訂購、議價事宜；順應各出版社的作業方式花費時間在線上註冊，以獲得電子期刊的帳號密碼；設定可使用之有效網域；時常更新與維護首頁上之電子期刊清單，並掌握使用統計以為訂購決策之參考等。筆者在檢視此一發展軌跡的同時，亦希望將所獲得之經驗加以分享，以期做為國內其他圖書館期刊館藏發展之參考。

This paper describes a librarian’s experience of assessing the journal usage and collection development within the past 5 years in the National Taiwan University Medical Library. All librarians nowadays should adjust themselves to the prosperity of full-text electronic journals and the efficient software and system that facilitates interlibrary cooperation. They may need to deal directly with the journal publishers and bargain for subscription of electronic versions, to follow new procedures to activate the right for online registration and set up the valid IP range, and to update constantly their webpages to make future policies for subscription in reference of statistic results. By examining this development, the author hopes to share experiences with other librarians in Taiwan area.