薛理桂

本文探討在資訊時代大學圖書館與電算中心兩者之間的關係·主要針對美國地區1980年代開始面臨此問題時，如何因應，文獻探討以此地區為主·本文探討之主題包括︰1.大學圖書館之任務與特色；2.電算中心之任務與特色；3.大學圖書館與電算中心之比較，分為︰(1)人員，(2)經費，(3)服務倫理，與(4)學校地位四個項目；4.大學圖書館與電算中心之關係，區分為三種關係，即︰(1)疏遠的關係，(2)合併的關係，與(3)合作的關係。

This paper discusses the relationship between university libraries and computer centers in the information age. Since 1980 this issue was popularly discussed in the United States so the literature reviews are mainly focused in that country. Four topics are described in this paper: 1. the missions and characteristics of university libraries; 2. the missions and characteristics of computer centers; 3. the comparison between university libraries and computer centers in which 4 items are compared i.e. (1) staff, (2) budget, (3) service ethic, and (4) status in the university;and 4. In the relationship between university libraries and computer centers 3 relations are discussed, i.e. (1) estranged relations, (2) merged relations and (3) partnership relations.

本文主要探討檔案編目規則在國際檔案學會、美國、加拿大、英國、大陸等國之發展, 了解其產生編目規則之過程與規則之內容。國際檔案學會與美國等四國發展檔案編目規則的模式可分為兩種模式: 由上而下的模式與由下而上的的模式。國際與各國檔案編目規則的內容各有其特色, 但沒有任何兩種規則是完全一致的。根據各國檔案編目規則之發展經驗, 作者提出三項具體建議供發展我國檔案編目規則之參考。

This paper discusses the development of archival cataloging rules in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, and China. An analysis of the cataloging rules developed in these four countries discovered that two models were used: the top-down and the bottom-up models. Each country has developed its own unique archival cataloging rules, none of them are the same. The author offers three suggestions to develop an archival cataloging rule for Taiwan.

宏觀鑑定自1990年代開始發展，迄今已有加拿大、荷蘭、澳洲、紐西蘭等國採行，可知此種鑑定方法已受到國際上重視。本文以宏觀鑑定適用於國內中央政府層級機關為探討重點，並以行政院之下的教育部為例。首先透過文獻分析，了解加拿大與澳洲實施宏觀鑑定的情況，並採用訪談法與焦點團體法，邀集學者專家與中央層級政府機關檔案管理人員，共同討論宏觀鑑定在臺灣政府機關實施之可行性與問題。

The macroappraisal approach has been developed since 1990. So far, several countries have adopted this method, such as Canada, Netherland, Australia, New Zealand, etc. This paper focuses on macroappraisal in the governmental institution, with special reference to the Ministry of Education of Taiwan as an example. It starts with a literature review, which shows the implementation of macroappraisal approaches in Canada and Australia. This is followed by interviews with scholars and staff of governmental archives, using the focus group approach as the research method. The interviews will be discussed to evaluate the extent to which acroappraisal is applicable in Taiwanese governmental agencies, as well as potential problems.