使用者研究

整合查詢系統以單一介面檢索多種異質資料庫，近年來已受到圖書館重視。本研究以臺灣大學圖書館安裝之MUSE整合查詢系統為例，以觀察法及訪談法蒐集使用者對MUSE 整合查詢系統之意見，徵集10位分布於人文、社會、自然科學、生物醫學、工程技術領域的臺灣大學研究生為受測者，給予四項指定之查詢任務，並於過程中觀察記錄受測者與系統互動情形。測試結束後進行結構式訪談，訪談內容包括對系統好用性之看法、建議及滿意程度，並將結果歸類至效率、效能、容易學習程度、吸引性及錯誤容忍程度五個面向，由使用者角度了解系統之好用性，供未來系統修改之參考。
彙整觀察及訪談的結果，本研究依據好用性的五個面向加以闡述結論，並根據結論針對MUSE電子資源整合查詢系統提出四點建議：一、改善資訊呈現方式；二、新增或修改系統功能；三、增加系統能提供之協助；四、修改難懂之術語。

Metasearch systems perform simultaneous searches across heterogeneous electronic resources through a single entry. In order to serve users, more and more libraries install metasearch systems to integrate their resources. This study aims to investigate the usability of MUSE Search, the metasearch system installed in the National Taiwan University Library, and to better understand user viewpoints toward this system. Five components of usability were analyzed: efficiency, effectiveness, learnability, engagement, and error. Observations and interviews were conducted in this study. Ten graduate students from the fields of humanities, social science, nature science, life science, and engineering science were solicited in the study. Students were requested to achieve four tasks. While they searching through MUSE Search, a researcher observed their behaviors and took notes. After the tasks were completed, students were interviewed by being asked questions concerning the usability of MUSE Search. Their comments and satisfaction levels were also collected.
The conclusions were divided into five components of usability. According to the findings of this study, suggestions concerning MUSE Search are as follows: 1. to revise improper display of information in MUSE Search. 2. To add new search functions, or revise old ones to meet user needs. 3. To improve help functions. 4. To revise terminologies which are difficult to be understood.

隨著全球網際網路的發展與成長，國內許多文化機構紛紛計畫在網路上提供中文的資訊內容，政府方面也正朝向鼓勵發展數位博物館或電子圖書館的建置計畫。最早在台大發展的數位圖書館與博物館計畫「平埔探源」，其最終目的是要將台大圖書館中稀有的館藏與人類學系的獨特藏品加以數位化，以創造更有利的學術研究環境。對一個想要支援學術研究群體的數位圖書館，這些學者或研究人員將如何使用這類數位圖書館，特別是如何與獨特的資訊內容互動，是一個十分重要的議題。本文為筆者於臺灣地區從事台灣史料使用者資訊搜尋與使用研究之部份結果，針對古文書與檔案，探討平埔研究人員於真實的日常工作情境中的運用情形，並探討此一研究結果在資訊組織與檢索上的應用。

As a part of the national effort towards developing digital libraries, the NTU DL/M project has the initial goal of digitizing the scare historical records of Taiwan collected in the National Taiwan University Library, and some special collections from the Department of Anthropology, such as maps, photos, and articles of ethnic Taiwanese groups. These collections are raw materials valuable to the research community. But how those scholars or researchers make use of such a DL, especially how they interact with the information provided, is an important issue that has not been addressed. This paper reports the study of Taiwan research scholars, their tasks, activities and interactions with various resources. The results reveal why and how those scholars apply the tacit knowledge to their activities in order to acccomplish their tasks and in their use of resources such as historical records. Implications for system design and information organization are also discussed.

近年來，圖書資訊學界暢議「使用者指向」的理念，並且咸認為是重要的議題，希望推行到實務運作上。然而，一個落實以使用者為中心的圖書資訊服務與系統設計，對於服務對象的情境與問題不能陌生或妄自臆測，必須根據植於對使用者之資訊需求與行為習性的瞭解。本文旨在從使用者的角度，以國立藝術學院為例，探討藝術教師之資訊行為。主要的目的是以情境的觀點，探討其從事藝術相關之工作任務、目標、情境特徵、接觸資訊資源種類和管道，以及工作任務、目標與資訊行為之關係，期有系統地瞭解藝術教師的資訊需求與行為特性，並探討此一研究結果在圖書資訊服務與系統設計上的應用。

This article examines the information behavior of art teachers from the user’s point of view, using the case of the National Institute of the Arts as an example. This study analyzes their tasks, goals, availability of information, activities and interaction with various resources as well as the correspondence between these subjects, aiming to understand the information needs and the characteristic behavior of art teachers. Implications of this study for information service and system design are also discussed.

本文基於使用者觀點，深入探討互動前後使用者檢索詞彙的變化情形與影響因素，以瞭解其檢索過程中變化行為背後的思考方式，並對系統設計或使用指導理念的改進有所啟示，進而節省時間精力的耗費，提高完成整個任務的效率。

This article explores types of changes in search terms and identifies factors influencing them during information retrieval interactions. Three types of changes are identified and seven main types of interactive feedback are developed as a framework to examine the factors influencing these changes. Implications for interface design of information retrieval systems and for further research are discussed.

本文從使用者角度評估臺大電子圖書館與博物館雛形系統，總計深度訪談20位受訪者，包括一般使用者及具有淡新檔案學科背景者各10位，藉以了解此兩群使用者對於系統之看法，並比較其異同之處。評估項目包含系統之瀏覽功能、搜尋引擎所提供之檢索欄位、網頁整理架構及組織、系統之主選項及未來期許等項目。

This article attempts to evaluate the prototype system of National Taiwan University Digital Library and Museum (NTUDLM) from the user's perspective. Twenty subjects are divided into two groups: ten with knowledge about the Tan-Hsin Archives, and ten without. The author compares the experience the experience and opinions of these two groups through in-depth interviews. Finally, the author evaluates system functions, including the index browsing function, the search engine, the structure of web pages, the access point of the prototype systems as well as addressing user's expectations for future improvements.

圖書館屬於功能性建築，學術圖書館建築的規劃，在於順應使用者需求以及機構目標，釐清使用者需求為建築規劃首要課題。歷來圖書館的規劃以館藏、讀者與館員三者為空間需求主要考量，由於科技、政治、經濟、社會變遷和館藏的變化，圖書館建築規劃持續面臨挑戰。本研究目的主要為藉由蒐集國內外大學圖書館建築規劃與使用者需求調查等文獻，分析大學圖書館使用者建築空間需求趨勢，再以嘉義大學為個案，實證調查大學師生空間需求特質。採用的研究方法包括文獻分析、焦點團體訪談、問卷調查。本研究最後提出七項結論：一、館藏空間仍是使用者最重視的圖書館建築空間；二、教師、研究生與大學生的資訊行為與圖書館使用行為有極大差異；三、不同學域師生在資訊與圖書館空間使用行為上有很大差異；四、課程輔助機制的空間為教師與學生重要需求；五、電子資源的發展為圖書館空間需求主要影響因素；六、館員的使用者研究對整體圖書館建築規劃具有重要影響；七、使用者資訊行為與空間使用行為有持續變化特質，圖書館空間需求亦將持續變遷。

A library is a functional building. The designing of an academic library should serve and support the needs of the users and the goals of the institute. To identify the needs of the users would be the most important topic of architecture designing. Previously, the functions of an academic library were mainly to fulfill three purposes: housing for the collections, service to readers, and space for staff activities. Recently the library architecture designing has been challenged by the growth of library collections as well as the rapid changes of technology, politics, economics, and society. The purpose of this study is to analyze the users' needs for the space of an academic library building. To achieve the goal, the investigator collected literature on the designing of academic library buildings and surveys of users' needs. Furthermore, I used the library of NCYU as a case study to do empirical investigation of the faculty, students and librarians' needs for library space. The methodology of the study include literature analysis, focus groups interview, and questionnaire survey. Based on the findings of the study, the investigator provides seven conclusions for overall users' needs of an academic library in the following: 1.Collection space is the most important for faculty, students and librarians.2.There are many differences in information and library space user behavior among faculty, graduate and undergraduate students.3.There is significant difference in users of different academic areas on the use of information and library space.4. It is an important requirement that an academic library should provide space and facility to support teaching and learning.5.The influence of e-resources is the main factor to the users needs of a library space.6.Librarian devoted to studying users' needs is valuable for the designing of a library building.The information and space using behavior of the users are subject to change and so should the library space continue to meet the challenge.